Semaglutide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. Like any medication, it can have side effects. Here are some of the major side effects associated with semaglutide:
- Nausea and Vomiting: Some people may experience nausea and vomiting, particularly when starting semaglutide treatment. This side effect tends to decrease over time for many individuals.
- Hypoglycemia: Semaglutide can lower blood sugar levels, which may lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This is more likely to occur if semaglutide is used in combination with other diabetes medications that also lower blood sugar.
- Pancreatitis: There have been reports of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) in people using semaglutide. Symptoms of pancreatitis include severe abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, nausea, and vomiting. If these symptoms occur, medical attention should be sought immediately.
- Thyroid Tumors: In animal studies, semaglutide has been associated with an increased risk of thyroid C-cell tumors. While this risk has not been definitively established in humans, it’s still important for healthcare providers to monitor patients for signs of thyroid tumors.
- Allergic Reactions: Some people may experience allergic reactions to semaglutide, which can manifest as rash, itching, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. Severe allergic reactions require immediate medical attention.
- Kidney Problems: Semaglutide may cause worsening of kidney function or acute kidney injury, particularly in individuals with pre-existing kidney disease. Monitoring of kidney function is important during treatment with semaglutide.
- Gallbladder Problems: Semaglutide may increase the risk of gallbladder-related complications, such as gallstones or inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis).
- Injection Site Reactions: Some individuals may experience injection site reactions, such as redness, itching, or pain at the site of injection.
- Gastrointestinal Effects: Other gastrointestinal side effects may include diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, and flatulence.
It’s essential for individuals using semaglutide to discuss any side effects or concerns with their healthcare provider. Additionally, patients should carefully follow their healthcare provider’s instructions for medication use and attend regular check-ups to monitor for potential side effects and adjust treatment as necessary.