In Australia, as in many other countries, a variety of laxative classes are available, each with different mechanisms of action. Here’s an overview of these classes, including examples of both generic and brand names:
- Bulk-Forming Laxatives
- Mechanism of Action: These laxatives increase fecal bulk by absorbing water, which stimulates bowel movement.
- Examples:
- Psyllium (Metamucil®)
- Ispaghula husk (Fybogel®)
- Osmotic Laxatives
- Mechanism of Action: They work by drawing water into the bowel from the surrounding body tissues, softening stools and increasing bowel movements.
- Examples:
- Macrogol (Movicol®)
- Lactulose (Actilax®, Duphalac®)
- Stimulant Laxatives
- Mechanism of Action: These laxatives increase bowel movements by stimulating the nerve endings in the large intestine.
- Examples:
- Senna (Senokot®)
- Bisacodyl (Dulcolax®)
- Stool Softeners
- Mechanism of Action: They work by softening the stool, making it easier to pass.
- Examples:
- Docusate sodium (Coloxyl®)
- Lubricant Laxatives
- Mechanism of Action: These laxatives coat the stool and the lining of the gut with a slippery film, which helps the stool to move through the gut more easily.
- Examples:
- Mineral oil (available under various brand names)
- Saline Laxatives
- Mechanism of Action: They increase the amount of water in the intestines, which softens the stool and stimulates bowel movements.
- Examples:
- Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts)
- Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
- General
- Individual Responses Vary: Not all laxatives work the same for everyone, and a trial-and-error approach is often needed.
- Medical Advice: It’s important for patient to consult a healthcare provider before starting any laxative, especially if they have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications.
- Long-Term Use Caution: Prolonged use of certain laxatives, especially stimulant laxatives, can lead to dependence and might be harmful.