Dermatology – 101 – Conditions-01-20

Dermatology is a key part of General Practice. Here is a list of 101 common dermatological conditions in approximate order of incidence. Click on the link for more details.

  1. Acne
  2. Atopic Dermatitis
  3. Contact Dermatitis
  4. Psoriasis
  5. Seborrheic Dermatitis
  6. Rosacea
  7. Urticaria
  8. Tinea
  9. Herpes Simplex
  10. Varicella Zoster
  11. Impetigo
  12. Scabies
  13. Cellulitis
  14. Basal Cell Carcinoma
  15. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
  16. Melanoma
  17. Actinic Keratosis
  18. Alopecia
  19. Warts
  20. Corns and Calluses
  21. Athlete’s Foot
  22. Nail Fungal Infections
  23. Molluscum Contagiosum
  24. Vitiligo
  25. Pityriasis Rosea
  26. Ichthyosis
  27. Keratosis Pilaris
  28. Lichen Planus
  29. Sunburn
  30. Photodermatoses
  31. Cutaneous Drug Reactions
  32. Intertrigo
  33. Pilonidal Cyst
  34. Epidermoid Cysts
  35. Lipomas
  36. Folliculitis
  37. Milia
  38. Hidradenitis Suppurativa
  39. Perioral Dermatitis
  40. Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
  41. Scleroderma
  42. Cutaneous Candidiasis
  43. Dermatophytosis
  44. Erythema Multiforme
  45. Telangiectasia
  46. Spider Naevi
  47. Angiomas
  48. Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars
  49. Melasma
  50. Hand Dermatitis
  51. Dyshidrotic Eczema
  52. Pediculosis
  53. Bed Bug Bites
  54. Cherry Angiomas
  55. Sebaceous Hyperplasia
  56. Seborrheic Keratosis
  57. Acanthosis Nigricans
  58. Lentigines
  59. Purpura
  60. Cutaneous Tags
  61. Stasis Dermatitis
  62. Cutaneous Vasculitis
  63. Cutaneous Sarcoidosis
  64. Pemphigus Vulgaris
  65. Bullous Pemphigoid
  66. Dermatomyositis
  67. Paronychia
  68. Erysipelas
  69. Naevi
  70. Pyogenic Granuloma
  71. Pityriasis Alba and Pityriasis Versicolour
  72. Pityriasis Lichenoides
  73. Discoid Eczema
  74. Pruritus Ani
  75. Pruritus Vulvae
  76. Mastocytosis
  77. Ganglion Cyst
  78. Hemangiomas
  79. Raynaud
  80. Erythema Nodosum
  81. Lichen Sclerosus
  82. Granuloma Annulare
  83. Morphea
  84. Lichen Simplex Chronicus
  85. Actinic Prurigo
  86. Dermatofibroma
  87. Harlequin Ichthyosis
  88. Acrodermatitis Enteropathica
  89. Rosacea Fulminans
  90. Syringomas
  91. Fox
  92. Porokeratosis
  93. Darier
  94. Perforating Dermatoses
  95. Beh
  96. Xanthomas
  97. Erythrasma
  98. Condyloma Acuminatum
  99. Erythema Ab Igne
  100. Porphyria

1. Acne

  • Description: Inflammatory skin condition characterized by pimples, blackheads, and cysts, primarily on the face, back, and chest.
  • Associations: Hormonal changes, genetics, stress, and certain medications.
  • Management: Topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics; oral isotretinoin for severe cases; hormonal therapy in some cases.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/acne

2. Atopic Dermatitis

3. Contact Dermatitis

  • Description: Red, itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or an allergic reaction to it.
  • Associations: Exposure to irritants or allergens (like nickel, fragrances, plants).
  • Management: Avoidance of the irritant or allergen, topical corticosteroids, oral antihistamines for severe cases.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/contact-dermatitis

4. Psoriasis

  • Description: Autoimmune disease that causes raised, red, scaly patches on the skin.
  • Associations: Genetic predisposition, triggers include stress, infection, medications.
  • Management: Topical treatments (steroids, vitamin D analogues), phototherapy, systemic medications for severe cases.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/psoriasis

5. Seborrheic Dermatitis

  • Description: Skin condition causing scaly patches, red skin, and stubborn dandruff.
  • Associations: It’s more common in oily skin, stress, cold, dry weather.
  • Management: Antifungal creams or shampoos, topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/seborrhoeic-dermatitis

6. Rosacea

  • Description: Chronic skin condition causing flushing, redness, pimples, and visible blood vessels, usually on the face.
  • Associations: Fair skin, family history, age between 30 and 50.
  • Management: Avoiding triggers, topical and oral antibiotics, laser therapy, managing lifestyle factors.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/rosacea

7. Urticaria

  • Description: Sudden outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques on the skin.
  • Associations: Allergic reactions, infections, stress, exposure to cold or heat.
  • Management: Oral antihistamines, avoiding known triggers, corticosteroids for severe cases.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/urticaria-an-overview

8. Tinea

  • Description: Fungal infection of the skin, scalp, or nails presenting as a red, itchy, scaly ring-shaped rash.
  • Associations: Warm, moist environments; close contact with infected individuals or animals.
  • Management: Antifungal creams, shampoos, or oral medications, keeping the affected area clean and dry.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/tinea-corporis

9. Herpes Simplex

  • Description: Viral infection causing blisters and sores, usually on the mouth or genitals.
  • Associations: HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses, stress, sunlight, fever, weakened immune system.
  • Management: Antiviral medications (topical or oral), pain relief measures, avoiding triggering factors.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/cme/viral-infections/herpes-simplex

10. Varicella-Zoster

  • Description: Chickenpox causes itchy, blister-like rash; shingles causes painful rash, often with blisters.
  • Associations: Initial infection with the varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox); shingles occurs from reactivation of the virus.
  • Management: Vaccination for prevention; antiviral drugs, pain management, and itch relief for active cases.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/herpes-zoster

11. Impetigo

  • Description: Highly contagious bacterial skin infection, causing red sores that can rupture, ooze fluid, and form a yellow-brown crust.
  • Associations: Common in children, direct contact with infected person, or with items they’ve touched.
  • Management: Topical or oral antibiotics, keeping the skin clean, avoiding scratching.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/impetigo

12. Scabies

  • Description: Skin infestation by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, causing intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash.
  • Associations: Close physical contact, crowded conditions, compromised immune system.
  • Management: Prescription scabicidal lotions or creams, washing clothes and bedding in hot water.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/scabies

13. Cellulitis

  • Description: Bacterial skin infection causing red, swollen, and painful skin, often with fever.
  • Associations: Breaks in the skin, chronic skin conditions, weakened immune system.
  • Management: Oral or intravenous antibiotics, rest, elevation of the affected area.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/cellulitis

14. Basal Cell Carcinoma

  • Description: Type of skin cancer featuring lesions or nodules on sun-exposed areas.
  • Associations: Long-term sun exposure, fair skin.
  • Management: Surgical removal, cryotherapy, topical treatments for early stages, radiation therapy.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma

15. Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Description: Type of skin cancer causing firm, red nodules or flat sores with a scaly crust.
  • Associations: UV exposure, fair skin, history of sunburns.
  • Management: Surgical removal, radiation therapy, cryotherapy.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/cme/lesions/squamous-cell-carcinoma

16. Melanoma

17. Actinic Keratosis

  • Description: Rough, scaly patches on sun-exposed skin, potentially precancerous.
  • Associations: Long-term sun exposure, older age, fair skin.
  • Management: Cryotherapy, topical chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/actinic-keratosis

18. Alopecia

  • Description: Loss of hair from the scalp or body, which can be temporary or permanent.
  • Associations: Genetics, autoimmune conditions, certain medications, stress.
  • Management: Topical minoxidil, oral finasteride, corticosteroids, hair transplant surgery.
  • Exclamation mark hairs -> alopecia areata
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/hair-loss

19. Warts

  • Description: Small, grainy skin growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).
  • Associations: HPV infection, cuts or damage to the skin.
  • Management: Cryotherapy, salicylic acid treatments, laser treatment, surgical removal.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/viral-wart

20. Corns and Calluses

  • Description: Thickened skin areas formed due to repeated pressure or friction.
  • Associations: Ill-fitting shoes, repetitive actions.
  • Management: Protective pads, changing footwear, paring down thickened skin, orthotics.
  • Dermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/topics/corn-callus