CCE-CE-169

CASE INFORMATION

Case ID: VAG-001
Case Name: Emily Patterson
Age: 28
Gender: Female
Indigenous Status: Non-Indigenous
Year: 2024
ICPC-2 Codes: X99 (Vaginitis/vulvitis NOS)


COMPETENCY OUTCOMES

Competency DomainCompetency Element
1. Communication and Consultation Skills1.1 Communication is appropriate to the person and the sociocultural context.
1.2 Engages the patient to gather information about their symptoms, ideas, concerns, and expectations of healthcare.
1.4 Communicates effectively in routine and difficult situations.
2. Clinical Information Gathering and Interpretation2.1 Gathers relevant clinical, sexual, and lifestyle history systematically.
2.3 Identifies risk factors and contributing factors.
3. Diagnosis, Decision-Making, and Reasoning3.2 Integrates and synthesises information to determine the most likely diagnosis.
4. Clinical Management and Therapeutic Reasoning4.3 Provides patient-centred management for infectious and non-infectious causes.
4.5 Explains medication use and self-care measures.
5. Preventive and Population Health5.1 Provides education on vaginal health, hygiene, and STI prevention.
6. Professionalism6.2 Ensures sensitive and non-judgmental communication in discussing intimate health concerns.
7. General Practice Systems and Regulatory Requirements7.1 Ensures appropriate STI screening and notification where necessary.
9. Managing Uncertainty9.1 Recognises uncertainty in diagnosis and manages accordingly.
10. Identifying and Managing the Patient with Significant Illness10.2 Identifies red flags that may indicate serious underlying pathology.

CASE FEATURES

  • No prior pap smears or STI testing.
  • 28-year-old female presenting with vaginal itching, discharge, and discomfort.
  • History of similar symptoms but never formally diagnosed or treated.
  • Concerns about possible STI due to recent change in sexual partner.
  • No systemic symptoms (e.g., fever, pelvic pain).
  • Recent antibiotic use for a UTI.

INSTRUCTIONS

You have 15 minutes to complete the tasks for this case.

You should treat this consultation as if it is face-to-face.

A patient record summary is provided for your information.

Perform the following tasks:

  1. Take an appropriate history.
  2. Outline the differential diagnosis and key investigations required.
  3. Address the patient’s concerns.
  4. Develop a safe and patient-centred management plan.

SCENARIO

Emily Patterson, a 28-year-old woman, presents with concerns about vaginal itching, increased discharge, and discomfort over the past four days. She describes the discharge as white and thick, without a strong odour. There is no pain with urination, but she has noticed some redness and irritation.

She is worried this might be an STI, as she recently started a new relationship. She has not had any STI screening in the past, nor has she ever had a pap smear.


PATIENT RECORD SUMMARY

Patient Details

Name: Emily Patterson
Age: 28
Gender: Female
Indigenous Status: Non-Indigenous

Allergies and Adverse Reactions

  • No known drug allergies

Medications

  • None regularly
  • Completed a course of Trimethoprim for UTI two weeks ago

Past History

  • Recurrent UTIs
  • No prior gynaecological conditions

Social History

  • Works as a teacher

Family History

  • No history of STIs or gynaecological conditions

Smoking:

Never smoked

Alcohol:

Occasional social drinking

Vaccination and Preventative Activities

  • HPV vaccine received in adolescence

ROLE PLAYER INSTRUCTIONS

Just like a consultation with a doctor, the candidate will ask you a series of questions.
The OPENING LINE is always to be said exactly as written. This is the only part of the script
which will be the same for all candidates. Where the candidate goes after the opening line is
up to them.

The remainder of the information is to be given based on the questions asked by the
candidate.

The information in the following script are core pieces of information. The core pieces of
information will not necessarily follow the order in the script but should be given when cued
by the candidate’s question.

GENERAL INFORMATION can be given relatively freely. After the opening line, most
candidates will ask an open question like “Can you tell me more about that?” You can provide
the GENERAL INFORMATION in response to that sort of question.

SPECIFIC INFORMATION should only be given when the candidate asks a relevant question.
Candidates don’t need to ask for all the information in the SPECIFIC INFORMATION section,
but all the relevant information is given there should they want to.

Each line or dot point in the SPECIFIC INFORMATION section is an appropriate chunk of
information which can be provided to the candidate when asked a relevant question.

Do not give extra information than asked.

Do not provide details which are not given in the information chunks (i.e.: do not elaborate
or ad-lib).

If the candidate asks a question that is not given in the script, the best way to respond is with
a generic response indicating there is no problem. For example:

Candidate: “How many hours do you sleep?”
Response: “I’m sleeping fine.” / “I don’t have any concerns about my sleep.”

The case may have specific QUESTIONS to ask the candidate. You can start asking the
QUESTIONS if the candidate asks about your ideas or concerns or questions.

Ask the other questions in a conversational way. You do not need to ask all the questions. The
aim should be to ask most of the questions but without interrupting the candidate.

The Patient Record Summary is also included. This is not part of the script but is included for
your general information.

If you need help in understanding any of the medical information in the script, ask the College
examiner who will be with you, and they can help to explain the terms or the conditions.


ROLE-PLAYER SCRIPT

Opening Line

“Doctor, I’ve been having itching and discharge down there for a few days, and I’m really worried it might be an STI.”


General Information

  • You are Emily Patterson, a 28-year-old woman who has been experiencing vaginal itching, increased discharge, and discomfort for four days.
  • You have been in a new relationship for three months and have not had an STI test before.
  • You had a UTI two weeks ago, for which you took antibiotics (Trimethoprim).
  • You are worried that this infection could be something serious or affect your fertility.
  • You have no other major health issues and are otherwise well.

Specific Information

(Only if Asked)

Symptoms:

  • You first noticed itching and irritation four days ago.
  • The discharge is white, thick, and clumpy, but there is no strong odour.
  • You feel some irritation around the vaginal opening, but there is no burning or pain when urinating.
  • You have not noticed any unusual bleeding.
  • You have not had a fever, pelvic pain, or abdominal pain.

Sexual History:

  • You have had three sexual partners in your lifetime.
  • You are in a new relationship for three months.
  • You and your partner sometimes use condoms, but not consistently.
  • You have never had an STI test before.

Medical and Gynaecological History:

  • You have never been diagnosed with thrush, BV, or an STI before.
  • You have had recurrent UTIs but nothing else concerning.
  • You are not on any contraception and have regular periods every 28 days.
  • You don’t use douches, vaginal washes, or perfumed hygiene products.
  • You received the HPV vaccine as a teenager.

Lifestyle and Risk Factors:

  • You don’t smoke and drink alcohol occasionally.
  • You exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet.
  • You are sexually active and have never been pregnant.

Emotional Cues & Body Language

  • At the start, you are nervous and hesitant, shifting in your seat and looking down when discussing sexual health.
  • You seem embarrassed when discussing symptoms, but you relax if the doctor reassures you that this is common.
  • If the doctor explains things well, you nod and seem relieved.
  • If the doctor suggests an STI test, you look worried and ask if your partner will need to be tested too.
  • You are concerned about fertility and lean forward slightly when discussing long-term effects.

Questions for the Candidate

  1. Could this be an STI? – You are worried about chlamydia or another infection.
  2. Do I need antibiotics? – You assume that all vaginal infections need antibiotics.
  3. Will this affect my fertility? – You are worried about infertility or complications.
  4. Should I get tested for other STIs? – You don’t know much about STI screening but want to do the right thing.

THE COMPETENT CANDIDATE

The competent candidate should be able to:

Task 1: Take an appropriate history from the patient.

The competent candidate should:

  • Use open-ended and targeted questions to explore the patient’s symptoms, including onset, duration, and characteristics of discharge, itching, and discomfort.
  • Ask about urinary symptoms, systemic symptoms, and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or other causes.
  • Take a comprehensive sexual health history, including partner status, condom use, and STI screening history.
  • Explore gynaecological history, including menstrual cycle, contraception, history of vaginal infections, and recent antibiotic use.
  • Consider psychosocial aspects, including the patient’s concerns about fertility and STIs.
  • Use non-judgmental and empathetic communication to encourage openness.

Task 2: Outline the likely differential diagnoses and explain them to the patient.

The competent candidate should:

  • Explain that the most likely diagnosis is vaginal candidiasis (thrush), given the itching, thick white discharge, and recent antibiotic use.
  • Discuss other possibilities, including:
    • Bacterial vaginosis (BV) – if discharge is thin, grey, and has a fishy odour.
    • STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis) – if there is abnormal discharge, recent unprotected sex, or cervical tenderness.
    • Irritant/contact dermatitis – from soaps, douches, or synthetic underwear.
  • Reassure the patient that fertility is not usually affected by vaginal infections, but untreated STIs can lead to complications like PID.
  • Encourage STI screening to rule out infections that may present asymptomatically.

Task 3: Develop a patient-centred management plan.

The competent candidate should:

  • Discuss treatment options for thrush, including:
    • Topical antifungals (clotrimazole cream or pessary) or oral fluconazole.
    • Advice on avoiding irritants and wearing breathable clothing.
  • If BV is suspected, discuss oral metronidazole or clindamycin as potential treatment options.
  • Offer full STI screening (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, HIV) and explain the process.
  • Address contraception needs and discuss safe sex practices.
  • Arrange follow-up if symptoms persist or STI tests are positive.
  • Encourage psychosocial support, acknowledging patient concerns about sexual health and fertility.

SUMMARY OF A COMPETENT ANSWER

  • Comprehensive history covering symptoms, sexual health, and gynaecological factors.
  • Differential diagnosis with clear patient education about causes and implications.
  • Empathetic and non-judgmental communication, ensuring patient comfort.
  • Evidence-based management, including appropriate antifungal treatment, STI screening, and lifestyle advice.
  • Clear safety netting, including follow-up for persistent symptoms or positive STI results.

PITFALLS

  • Failure to take a thorough sexual health history, missing STI risk factors.
  • Not considering differentials beyond thrush, leading to misdiagnosis.
  • Using medical jargon without ensuring the patient understands.
  • Not offering STI screening, missing an opportunity for preventative care.
  • Judgmental or dismissive communication, making the patient uncomfortable or reluctant to return.

REFERENCES


MARKING

Each competency area is assessed on the following scale from 0 to 3:

☐ Competency NOT demonstrated
☐ Competency NOT CLEARLY demonstrated
☐ Competency SATISFACTORILY demonstrated
☐ Competency FULLY demonstrated

1. Communication and Consultation Skills

1.1 Communication is appropriate to the person and the sociocultural context.
1.2 Engages the patient to gather information about symptoms, concerns, and expectations.
1.4 Communicates effectively in routine and sensitive situations.

2. Clinical Information Gathering and Interpretation

2.1 Elicits a comprehensive and relevant history.

3. Diagnosis, Decision-Making, and Reasoning

3.2 Forms a reasonable differential diagnosis and explains it clearly.

4. Clinical Management and Therapeutic Reasoning

4.1 Provides evidence-based management options.
4.2 Discusses treatment, investigations, and follow-up appropriately.

5. Preventive and Population Health

5.1 Promotes STI screening and safe sexual practices.

6. Professionalism

6.1 Demonstrates non-judgmental and patient-centred care.

9. Managing Uncertainty

9.1 Manages diagnostic uncertainty by considering differentials and arranging follow-up.


Competency at Fellowship Level

☐ CLEARLY BELOW STANDARD
☐ BELOW EXPECTED STANDARD
☐ BORDERLINE
☐ AT EXPECTED STANDARD
☐ ABOVE STANDARD