Abnormal Test Results

When discussing abnormal test results in a general practice setting, it’s essential to approach the topic with a structured and sensitive method, considering both the clinical and psychological aspects. Here’s a guideline to approach this:

1. Preparation:
   1. Review the test results thoroughly before the discussion.
   2. Understand the implications of the results, including potential diagnoses, further tests needed, and treatment options.
   3. Prepare for possible patient reactions, including anxiety, denial, anger, or fear.
2. Setting the Stage:
   1. Ensure privacy and a comfortable environment for the discussion.
   2. Minimize interruptions to maintain focus and show the patient they are being taken seriously.
3. Delivery of Results:
   1. Start with a clear and straightforward statement.
   2. Avoid using overly technical language.
   3. Provide context about what the test was for and what the results indicate.
   4. Be honest about the results, but also be compassionate and empathetic.
4. Explanation and Implications:
   1. Explain the significance of the abnormal results in a manner that the patient can understand.
   2. Discuss the potential causes of these results and what they might mean for the patient’s health.
   3. Outline the next steps, including further testing, referrals to specialists, or treatment options.
5. Patient’s Response:
   1. Give the patient time to absorb the information and encourage them to express their feelings and concerns.
   2. Be attentive to their emotional and psychological responses. Offer support and reassurance.
6. Plan of Action:
   1. Collaborate with the patient to develop a management plan. This may include lifestyle changes, medication, further diagnostic testing, or specialist referrals.
   2. Ensure that the patient understands the plan, why it’s necessary, and what it entails.
7. Follow-up:
   1. Arrange for follow-up appointments to monitor the patient’s condition and response to any treatment.
   2. Provide information on how the patient can contact you or other healthcare professionals if they have further questions or concerns.
8. Documentation:
   1. Document the discussion, including the patient’s response and the agreed management plan.
9. Support and Resources:
   1. Offer additional support resources, such as patient education materials, support groups, or counselling services.
10. Legal and Ethical Considerations:
    1. Be aware of legal and ethical obligations, such as informed consent and confidentiality.
    2. Ensure that the patient’s autonomy and decision-making capacity are respected.

In Australian General Practice, it’s important to adhere to the standards and guidelines set forth by relevant authorities, such as the Medical Board of Australia and the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. The approach to discussing abnormal test results should align with these standards, ensuring that the care is patient-centered, culturally sensitive, and ethically sound.