Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs commonly used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. Their side effects can be grouped by body system as follows:
- Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion are quite common. Some people may also experience constipation or vomiting.
- Central Nervous System Effects: Headaches, dizziness, and sleep disturbances (such as insomnia or drowsiness) are frequently reported.
- Sexual Dysfunction: Decreased libido, difficulties with arousal, and delayed or absent orgasm are common and can affect both men and women.
- Weight Changes: Some individuals may experience weight gain or, less commonly, weight loss.
- Emotional and Behavioral Changes: This can include feeling more anxious, agitated, or restless. In some cases, especially in younger people, there can be an increase in suicidal thoughts or behavior when starting SSRIs.
- Dry Mouth: A feeling of dryness in the mouth is a common side effect.
- Sweating: Increased sweating, including night sweats, can occur.
- Tremors: Some individuals may experience fine tremors or shaking.
- Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or lethargic is a possible side effect.
- Other Possible Side Effects:
- Serotonin Syndrome (rare but serious condition)
- Suicidal Thoughts (especially in young people)
- Hyponatremia (particularly in older adults)
- Withdrawal Symptoms: Stopping SSRIs suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms like dizziness, headache, nausea, and changes in mood, so it’s important to taper off over 6 weeks.
It’s important to note that not all patients will experience these side effects, and their presence and severity can vary widely. Patients should be monitored closely, especially during the initial stages of treatment and during dose adjustments. Any concerning or persistent side effects should be promptly discussed with a doctor.